Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign country located in the northwestern region of South America. It is a unitary, social and democratic state under the rule of law with a presidential form of government. It is a republic politically organized into thirty-two decentralized departments and the Capital District of Bogotá, the seat of the National Government.

Including Malpelo Island, Roncador Key and Serrana Bank, the country covers an area of 1,141,748 km², making it the twenty-fifth largest country in the world and the seventh largest in the Americas. It claims as territorial sea the area up to nautical miles away, maintaining a border dispute with Venezuela and Nicaragua.1415 It is bordered to the east by Venezuela and Brazil, to the south by Peru and Ecuador and to the west by Panama; in terms of maritime boundaries, it borders Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic and Venezuela in the Caribbean Sea, and Panama, Costa Rica and Ecuador in the Pacific Ocean.

It has coasts in the Pacific Ocean and access to the Atlantic Ocean through the Caribbean Sea, where it has several islands such as the archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina.